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Substitute natural gas (SNG), or synthetic natural gas, is a fuel gas that can be produced from fossil fuels such as lignite coal, oil shale, or from biofuels (when it is named bio-SNG) or from renewable electrical energy. The Great Plains Synfuels Plant injects approximately 4.1 million m3/day of SNG from lignite coal into the national gas grid.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Gasification )〕 The production process of SNG at the Great Plains plant involves gasification, gas cleaning, shift, and methanation. China is constructing nearly 30 nos massive SNG production plants from coal / lignite with aggregate annual capacity of 120 billion standard cubic meters of SNG.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= China’s synthetic natural gas revolution )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Conversion of Coal to Substitute Natural Gas (SNG) )〕 SNG in the form of LNG or CNG can be used in road, rail, air and marine transport vehicles as a substitute for costly diesel, petrol, etc. The carbon foot print of SNG derived from coal is comparable to petroleum products. Bio-SNG has a much smaller carbon foot print when compared to petroleum products. LPG can also be produced by synthesising SNG with partial reverse hydrogenation at high pressure and low temperature. LPG is more easily transportable than SNG, more suitable as fuel in two wheeler or smaller HP vehicles /engines and also fetches higher price in international market due to short supply. Renewable electrical energy can also be used to create SNG (methane) via for example electrolysis of water or via a PEM fuel cell in reverse to create hydrogen which is then reacted with from for example CSS/U Utilisation in the Sabatier reaction. : + 4H2 → CH4 + 2H2O == Distribution == It is advantageous to distribute SNG and bio-SNG together with natural gas in a gas grid. In this way, the production of renewable gas can be phased in at the same rate as the production capacity is increased. The gas market and infrastructure the natural gas has contributed with is a condition for large scale introduction of renewable biomethane produced through anaerobic digestion (biogas) or gasification and methanation bio-SNG. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Substitute natural gas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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